Ibibazo by'amategeko mashya yubushinwa

A.

Kunoza imikorere yo gusaba cyangwa guhatanira kwandikisha ikirango, gutanga uburinzi bukomeye kubafite ibicuruzwa, no guhashya abarengana nibisabwa bibi.

A.

A.

1) Gushimangira gukingira ubujura; 2) Igihe kigufi cyo gukurikirana ibicuruzwa; 3) Ibimenyetso byamajwi nibisobanuro byinshi byerekana ibicuruzwa byakozwe; 4) Gushimangira kurinda ibimenyetso bizwi cyane; 5) Kugabanya ubuzimagatozi kuburwanya no gutesha agaciro; 6) Ikimenyetso kijya kwiyandikisha niba opposition yananiwe kurwego rwa mbere rwo guca imanza kubiro byubucuruzi; 7) Kongera amande, indishyi, n’ibyangijwe n’amategeko ku ihohoterwa.

A.

Kugeza ubu, igihe ntarengwa cy’imanza nyinshi z’ibirango, cyane cyane kurwanya, guhagarika, no gusuzuma no kujurira imbere y’ibiro by’Ubucuruzi by’Ubushinwa hamwe n’ikigo cy’Ubushinwa gishinzwe gusuzuma no guca imanza, birashobora kuba birebire. Amategeko mashya yubucuruzi agena igihe ntarengwa cyo kurangiza imanza. Nyuma yo gutanga icyifuzo gishya cyikirango, ibiro byubucuruzi bigomba noneho gutanga icyemezo cyacyo cyambere cyo kwiyandikisha mugihe cyamezi icyenda. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, akenshi, ibikorwa byo kurwanya no gutesha agaciro bigomba kurangira mu mezi 12 n'icyenda.

A.

Ubu inkiko zo mu Bushinwa zishobora gutanga indishyi zikomeye mu buryo buteganijwe n'amategeko mu manza z’ihohoterwa kuva ku 500.000 kugeza kuri miliyoni 3 (hafi kuva 80.000 US $ 500.000). Indishyi zemewe n'amategeko zitangwa mugihe nyirubwite yangiritse nyirizina, inyungu kubarenganijwe hamwe nubukode bwikimenyetso biragoye kubara. Niba ihohoterwa riri mu kwizera kutari kwo kandi ibyangiritse bigenwa hakurikijwe ibyangiritse, inyungu cyangwa ubukode, noneho ibyangiritse birashobora kugwizwa inshuro eshatu. Ba nyir'ibimenyetso nabo bafite uburenganzira ku mafaranga yakoreshejwe kugirango bahagarike ibikorwa byihohoterwa.

A.

Ba nyir'ibicuruzwa "bizwi" barashobora kubuza abandi gukoresha ikimenyetso ku bicuruzwa bidasa niba ikoreshwa rishobora gutera urujijo kandi rishobora kubangamira ba nyir'ikimenyetso kizwi. Guverinoma irashobora gutanga "statut izwi" gusa mubihe bimwe. Kurugero, ba nyirubwite barashobora gusaba "statut izwi" niba bizera ko uburenganzira bwabo bwahungabanijwe mu manza imbere y’ibiro bishinzwe ikirango, Isuzuma ry’ibicuruzwa n’inama y’ubucamanza, cyangwa Inkiko zimwe na zimwe. Kumenyekana nk'ikirango kizwi cyane biterwa nibintu byinshi, harimo gukomeza gukoresha ikimenyetso, ubugari bwo kumenyekanisha ikimenyetso, kurinda ikimenyetso ndetse nuburyo abaturage bireba bazi ikimenyetso. Nyamara, abafite ibimenyetso bizwi ntibashobora kwamamaza ko ibimenyetso byabo bizwi byemewe n'amategeko, nko muburyo bwo gushima kubikorwa byo kwamamaza.

A.

Usibye ibibazo byo kwiyandikisha, Itegeko rishya ry'ikirango ntirishobora kwemerera amashyaka atari abafite uburenganzira mbere cyangwa ababishaka gutanga ibitekerezo cyangwa gutesha agaciro.

Akenshi usanga hakenewe abandi bantu gutanga dosiye cyangwa guteshwa agaciro. Kurugero, kugirango wirinde kwihorera, umuburanyi arashobora kwifuza kugira opozisiyo cyangwa guteshwa agaciro yatanzwe mwizina ryundi muntu udafitanye isano kugirango ibanga irangamuntu. Amategeko mashya yubucuruzi amaze gukurikizwa, ubwo buryo ntibuzongera kuboneka.

Impinduka zingenzi mu itegeko ry’ikirangantego ni uko niba abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bananiwe ku rwego rw’ibiro by’ibicuruzwa, akaba ari rwo rwego rwa mbere rwo gusuzuma abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ikimenyetso cyahita gitangira kwiyandikisha. Iri ni ihinduka rikomeye ry’amategeko agenga ikirangantego kiriho, aho uwo bahanganye mu bihe nk'ibyo ashobora kwiyambaza akanama gashinzwe gusuzuma no guca imanza kandi agasaba ko hasubirwamo ubutabera mu nzego ebyiri z’urukiko.

Keretse niba abashoramari bo mu biro by’Ubucuruzi by’Ubushinwa bafite ubushake bwo guhangana n’aba pirate, iri hinduka rizongerera ingufu ubujura kuko kwandikisha ikimenyetso cy’ibisambo byafasha abambuzi kugira uburenganzira bwemewe n’incungu.

Ingingo y'ingenzi y’amasosiyete y’amahanga n’abajyanama babo bagomba kumenya ni uko iyi mpinduka izamura akamaro k’ibimenyetso bifatika bishyigikira abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi. Ni ngombwa cyane ko gukoresha bihagije, kuba icyamamare, nibindi bimenyetso bifatika byo gushyigikira abatavuga rumwe na leta bitangwa kubarwanya.

A.

Kwiyandikisha no gukoresha ikirangantego bigomba kuba ubu nta buryarya, bitabaye ibyo leta irashobora gutanga amande cyangwa, hamwe na hamwe, ikanga gusuzuma ibyifuzo bizaza biturutse ku nyirabayazana. Iri vugurura ryibanda cyane cyane kubikorwa bimwe na bimwe by’ibirango by’ibicuruzwa, amasosiyete agumana kwandikisha amanota mu izina ry’abakiriya ariko akaba afite impungenge zikomeye zijyanye no kwandikisha imyizerere mibi. Mubisanzwe, ubugororangingo bubuza abakozi kwandikisha ikimenyetso niba bazi, cyangwa bagomba kumenya, ko umukiriya wabo ashaka kwandikisha ikimenyetso muburyo bubi. Abakozi ntibashobora kandi kwandika ibimenyetso mu izina ryabo batabanje kubiherwa uruhushya n’umuyobozi wabo kandi ntibashobora kwandikisha ibimenyetso bisa, cyangwa bisa n’ibimenyetso bitanditswe byanditswe n’umuntu wa gatatu ikigo gifite umubano uhagije kugira ngo ikigo kimenyekanishe icya gatatu ikimenyetso cyumuntu.

A.

Kubisaba ipatanti yubuvumbuzi cyangwa icyitegererezo cyingirakamaro, icyifuzo gisabwa mbere, icyifuzo, ibisobanuro nibisobanuro byacyo, nibisabwa.

Kugira ngo usabe ipatanti yo gushushanya, hagomba kubanza gutangwa, icyifuzo, ibishushanyo cyangwa amafoto yerekana igishushanyo, kandi ibicuruzwa bikubiyemo igishushanyo n’icyiciro cy’ibicuruzwa bigomba kwerekanwa.

A.

Abo banyamahanga bafite aho baba cyangwa ahakorerwa ubucuruzi, cyangwa ibigo by’amahanga cyangwa imiryango iherereye mu Bushinwa, bafite amahirwe angana n’abashinwa mu bijyanye no kurengera uburenganzira bw’ipatanti, ni ukuvuga ko bafite uburenganzira bwo gusaba patenti kimwe n’abashinwa. kora, cyangwa kwishimira kurindwa n'amategeko agenga ipatanti y'Ubushinwa.

Umunyamahanga uwo ari we wese, ikigo cy’amahanga cyangwa undi muryango w’amahanga udafite aho atuye cyangwa ikibanza cy’ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa utanga icyifuzo cy’ipatanti mu Bushinwa, icyifuzo gisabwa gukurikiza iri tegeko ry’ipatanti hakurikijwe amasezerano ayo ari yo yose yasinywe hagati y’igihugu uwasabye arimo. n'Ubushinwa, cyangwa hakurikijwe amasezerano mpuzamahanga ibihugu byombi bigize ibihugu bigize uyu muryango, cyangwa hashingiwe ku ihame ryo gusubiranamo.

A.

Gusohora mbere ni bumwe mu buryo bwo gusuzuma Ubushinwa busaba ipatanti. Nk’ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bifite sisitemu y’ipatanti ihanitse, umubare munini w’ibivumbuwe ufite amahirwe make y’ubucuruzi, ibintu bimwe na bimwe byavumbuwe bitarakura mu gihe ibyifuzo bimwe na bimwe bitangwa ku burenganzira bwibanze. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko, muri rusange, ikintu kimwe cyavumbuwe kizaba gifite akamaro gake cyangwa ubucuruzi niba kitaracuruzwa mugihe cyimyaka ibiri uhereye igihe cyatangiriye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibihugu bimwe na bimwe buri gihe bibwira ko bidakenewe gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi zabantu, umwanya namafaranga kugirango dukore ibizamini bifatika kuri ibyo byavumbuwe, kandi bigasigira umwanya muremure kubashakashatsi kugirango babone agaciro kubyo bahimbye bityo. hitamo niba ugomba gukora ikizamini gikomeye cyangwa utagisabye. Ubuholandi nicyo gihugu cya mbere cyakoresheje ubu buryo, kandi ubu ibihugu byinshi bifite sisitemu yipatanti bifata ubwo buryo. Sisitemu ntabwo ari nziza kubuyobozi bwa patenti gusa, kuko irashobora gutakaza umwanya munini nimbaraga-zabantu, ariko kandi nibyiza kubabisabye kuko barashobora gusaba mbere cyangwa bakagira umwanya wo gusuzuma agaciro keza nibyiringiro byavumbuwe mbere yuko babikora. fata umwanya namafaranga yo gusaba ibindi bizamini bifatika.

Dukurikije ingingo ya 34 y’amategeko agenga ipatanti y’Ubushinwa, nyuma yo kubona icyifuzo gisaba ipatanti yo guhanga, Ishami rishinzwe imicungire y’ipatanti mu Nama y’igihugu, rimaze gusuzuma ibanzirizasuzuma, risanga icyifuzo gihuye n’ibisabwa n’amategeko agenga ipatanti, kizatangazwa. gusaba bidatinze nyuma yigihe cyamezi cumi n'umunani uhereye umunsi watangiriye.